| Silver
Facts: Silver as an Element
28 Ni Nickel | 29 Cu Copper | 30 Zn Zinc | 46 Pd Palladium | 47 Ag Silver |
48 Cd Cadmium | 78 Pt Platinum | 79 Au Gold | 80 Hg Mercury |
Names: English:
Silver French: Argent German: Silber Italian: Argento Latin: Argentum Spanish:
Plata
Basic Information: Symbol:
Ag Atomic number: 47 Group number: 11 Mass: 107.868 Density @ 293
K: 10.5 g/cm3 Atomic volume: 10.3 cm3/mol Melting Point: 961.93 C (1235.1
K) Boiling Point: 2212 C (2428 K) Heat of fusion: 11.30 kJ/mol Heat of
vaporization: 250.580 kJ/mol Number of Protons/Electrons: 47 Number of neutrons:
61 Classification: Transition Metal Crystal Structure: Face-centered Cubic Color:
silver Hardness: 3.25 mohs Characteristics: soft, ductile, tarnishes Structure
of atom: Number of shells: 5 Atom arrangement:
| 1. first shell - 2 | | 2. second
shell - 8 | | 3. third shell - 18 |
| 4. fourth shell - 18 | | 5.
fifth shell - 1 |
Oxidation: Electron
configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s1 Minimum oxidation number: 0 Maximum oxidation
number: 3 Minimum oxidation state: 0 (silver occurs naturally in ores in its
elemental state) Maximum oxidation state: 3 (the unit cell of silver oxide,
Ag4O4, has two atoms of univalent silver and two atoms of
trivalent silver)
Half Lives:
| Isotope | Half
Live | | Ag105 | 41.3
days | | Ag105m | 7.2
minutes | | Ag106m | 8.4
days | | Ag107 | stable |
| Ag108 | 2.4
minutes | | Ag108m | 130
years | | Ag109 | stable |
| Ag109m | 39.8
seconds | | Ag110 | 24.6
seconds | | Ag110m | 249.8
days | | Ag111 | 7.47
days |
Energies: 1st
ionization energy: 731 kJ/mole Electronegativity: 1.93 2nd ionization energy:
2073.5 kJ/mole Electron affinity: 125.6 kJ/mole 3rd ionization energy: 3360.6
kJ/mole Specific heat: 0.235 J/gK Heat atomization: 284 kJ/mole atoms
Reactions: With
air: mild, =>Ag2O With 6M HCl: none With 6M HCl: none With 15M HNO3:
mild, =>AgNO3
Other Forms: number
of isotopes: 2 hydride(s): none oxide(s): Ag2O chloride(s): AgCl
Radius: ionic
radius (2- ion): pm ionic radius (1- ion): pm atomic radius: 144 pm ionic
radius (1+ ion): 129 pm ionic radius (2+ ion): 108 pm ionic radius (3+ ion):
89 pm Conductivity: Thermal
conductivity: 429 J/m-sec-degC Electrical conductivity: 630.5 1/mohm-cm Electrical
resistivity: 1.467 X 10-8 ohms-m (OoC) Polarizability:
7.9 A^3 Abundance: Silver
occurs in the metallic state, commonly associated with gold, copper, lead, and
zinc. It is also found in some 60 minerals including: argentite (a sulfide), cerargyrite
(a chloride), many other sulfides and tellurides. Relative abundance in solar
system: -0.313 log Abundance earth's crust: -1.2 log
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